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HbA1c is a blood test that is used to help diagnose and monitor people with diabetes. It is also sometimes called a hemoglobin A1c, glycated hemoglobin or glycosylated hemoglobin.

Proteins circulate throughout your blood to help your body maintain fluid balance. Albumin is a type of protein the liver makes. It’s one of the most abundant proteins in your blood.

Bilirubin that is bound to a certain protein is called unconjugated, or indirect, bilirubin. Conjugated, or direct, bilirubin travels freely through your bloodstream to your liver. Most of this bilirubin passes into the small intestine. This bilirubin also gives urine its distinctive yellow color

A bilirubin test measures the levels of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin) is a yellowish pigment that is made during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. Bilirubin passes through the liver and is eventually excreted out of the body. Higher than normal levels of bilirubin may indicate different types of liver or bile duct problems

A calcium blood test measures the amount of calcium in your blood. Calcium is one of the most important minerals in your body. You need calcium for healthy bones and teeth. Calcium is also essential for proper functioning of your nerves, muscles, and heart.

A complete cholesterol test - also called a lipid panel or lipid profile - is a blood test that can measure the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in your blood.

This test measures how well your kidneys are performing their job of filtering waste from your blood. Creatinine is a chemical compound left over from energy-producing processes in your muscles. Healthy kidneys filter creatinine out of the blood. Creatinine exits your body as a waste product in urine

Iron tests measure different substances in the blood to check iron levels in your body. Iron is a mineral that's essential for making red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Iron is also important for healthy muscles, bone marrow, and organ function. Iron levels that are too low or too high can cause serious health problems.

This test measures blood sugar after an overnight fast (not eating). High fasting blood sugar levels point to insulin resistance or diabetes, while abnormally low fasting blood sugar could be due to diabetes medications.

A high-density lipoprotein (HDL) test measures the level of good cholesterol in your blood. Cholesterol is a waxy substance that’s found in all of the cells in your body. It has several different functions, including helping to build your body’s cells. Cholesterol is carried through the bloodstream attached to proteins called lipoproteins.

LDL tests are a form of blood test that doctors use to measure the amount of LDL cholesterol in a persons bloodstream. LDL tests can be part of a lipid panel test, or they can measure LDL levels directly. Lipid panels can help doctors calculate LDL cholesterol levels by measuring the following: total cholesterol.

A magnesium blood test measures the amount of magnesium in your blood. Magnesium is a type of electrolyte. Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals that are responsible for many important functions and processes in your body.

A total serum protein test measures the total amount of protein in the blood. It also measures the amounts of two major groups of proteins in the blood: albumin and globulin. A test for total serum protein reports separate values for total protein, albumin, and globulin.

A triglycerides test measures the amount of triglycerides in your blood. Triglycerides are a type of fat in your body. If you eat more calories than you need, the extra calories are changed into triglycerides. These triglycerides are stored in your fat cells for later use. When your body needs energy, triglycerides are released into your bloodstream to provide fuel for your muscles to work. If you eat more calories than you burn off, especially calories from carbohydrates and fats, you may get high triglyceride levels in your blood. High triglycerides may put you at greater risk for a heart attack or stroke.

During the metabolism of protein in the body, the liver creates ammonia, which is broken down into a by-product called urea. Kidneys filter excess urea into the urine and in sweat, but some goes into the bloodstream as serum urea.

A uric acid blood test, also known as a serum uric acid measurement, determines how much uric acid is present in your blood. The test can help determine how well your body produces and removes uric acid.

Alkaline phosphatase is one kind enzyme found in your body, If your liver isn’t working right, the amount of ALP in your blood may be high. Doctors often use the test to look for blocked bile ducts

This test is done to measure the amount of Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT) in blood serum. GPT is an enzyme found in heart cells, kidney, muscles and liver, this test is needed on a regular basis to keep the liver in a healthy state

The SGOT test is a blood test that’s part of a liver profile. It measures one of two liver enzymes, called serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. This enzyme is now usually called AST, which stands for aspartate aminotransferase. An SGOT test (or AST test) evaluates how much of the liver enzyme is in the blood.

A gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) test measures the amount of GGT in the blood. GGT is an enzyme found throughout the body, but it is mostly found in the liver. When the liver is damaged, GGT may leak into the bloodstream.

The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) test is a blood test that finds lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). This protein measures general levels of inflammation in your body. The hs-CRP can be used to find the risk for heart disease and stroke in people who dont already have heart disease.

A sodium blood test measures the amount of sodium in your blood. Sodium is a type of electrolyte. Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals that help maintain fluid levels and the balance of chemicals in your body called acids and bases. Sodium also helps your nerves and muscles work properly.

A potassium blood test measures the amount of potassium in your blood. Potassium is a type of electrolyte. Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals in your body that help control muscle and nerve activity, maintain fluid levels, and perform other important functions. Your body needs potassium to help your heart and muscles work properly.

A test to determine if there is a problem with your body’s electrolyte balance or acid-base (pH) balance and to monitor treatment; as part of a routine health checkup

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measures how much blood these filters clean every minute based on your body size. When you have a routine blood test, eGFR is often part of the basic metabolic panel

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine tests can be used together to find the BUN-to-creatinine ratio. A BUN-to-creatinine ratio can help your doctor check for problems, such as dehydration, that may cause abnormal BUN and creatinine levels.

Ferritin is a blood protein that contains iron. A ferritin test helps your doctor understand how much iron your body stores. If a ferritin test reveals that your blood ferritin level is lower than normal, it indicates your bodys iron stores are low and you have iron deficiency. As a result, you could be anemic.

TSH stands for thyroid stimulating hormone. A TSH test is a blood test that measures this hormone. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located near your throat. Your thyroid makes hormones that regulate the way your body uses energy. It also plays an important role in regulating your weight, body temperature, muscle strength, and even your mood.

A FT4 test measures the blood level of the hormone FT4, also known as thyroxine, which is produced by the thyroid gland and helps control metabolism and growth. The T4 test is performed as part of an evaluation of thyroid function.

What is Vitamin B12? Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for red blood cell production, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. It is commonly found in animal-based foods and supplements. What is the Importance of Vitamin B12? Vitamin B12 is vital for maintaining nerve health and preventing anemia. Deficiency can cause fatigue, weakness, memory issues, and neurological problems. Testing Vitamin B12 levels is important, especially for individuals with dietary restrictions like vegans or those with absorption issues. When Should I Test for Vitamin B12? Consider a Vitamin B12 test if you experience symptoms like: Fatigue Memory problems Numbness Weakness. It's also recommended for individuals with digestive disorders or those on restrictive diets. What Should I Do Before Coming to Test? No specific preparation is generally required for a Vitamin B12 test, but it’s best to consult with a healthcare provider, particularly if you’re taking any supplements that might influence test results.

A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia.

The serum phosphate test measures the amount of inorganic phosphate in your blood plasma (the liquid part of blood). In the body, phosphorus is combined with oxygen to form a variety of phosphates (PO4). Phosphates are vital for energy production, muscle and nerve function, and bone growth.

Unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) is a blood test most frequently used along with a serum iron test and a total iron-binding capacity test (TIBC) to evaluate people suspected of having either iron deficiency or iron overload.

Alkaline phosphatase is one kind enzyme found in your body, If your liver isn’t working right, the amount of ALP in your blood may be high. Doctors often use the test to look for blocked bile ducts

A rheumatoid factor (RF) test measures the amount of rheumatoid factor (RF) in your blood. Rheumatoid factors are proteins produced by the immune system. Normally, the immune system attacks disease-causing substances like viruses and bacteria.

Zinc can be tested along with other trace elements (e.g iron, copper & selenium) to identify deficiencies where a person may benefit from supplementation. When a person displays clinical symptoms that may be associated with zinc deficiency, the measurement of zinc can determine if supplementation is required.

A total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) test measures the bloods ability to attach itself to iron and transport it around the body. A transferrin test is similar. If you have iron deficiency (a lack of iron in your blood), your iron level will be low but your TIBC will be high. If you have too much iron (for example, if you have a condition like haemochromatosis), your iron level will be high but your TIBC will be low or normal.

A prolactin (PRL) test measures the level of prolactin in the blood. Prolactin is a hormone made by the pituitary gland, a small gland at the base of the brain. Prolactin causes the breasts to grow and make milk during pregnancy and after birth. Prolactin levels are normally high for pregnant women and new mothers.

What is the PSA Test? The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and elevated levels can indicate prostate cancer or other prostate conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostatitis. While a high PSA level can suggest cancer, it is not definitive; additional tests may be needed for a conclusive diagnosis​( Comprehensive Cancer Information) When Should You Do the PSA Test? Age Guidelines: The test is typically recommended for men starting at age 50, or earlier for those at higher risk (e.g., family history of prostate cancer). Frequency: Some guidelines suggest annual testing for men over 50, while discussions about the necessity and frequency of screening should be held with a healthcare provider​. Preparation for the PSA Test: Avoid Certain Activities: Ejaculation: Refrain from sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test, as this can elevate PSA levels​. Exercise: Intense physical activity, such as biking or vigorous exercise, should also be avoided for 48 hours prior to testing​. Medication Considerations: Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking, as some drugs can affect PSA levels​. Fasting: Generally, fasting is not required for this test, but it's always good to follow your healthcare provider's specific instructions​. Recommended Practices Before Testing Consultation: Discuss the benefits and risks of the PSA test with your healthcare provider to make an informed decision based on your health history and risk factors​

What is Vitamin D? Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps regulate calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, promoting bone health. It can be obtained through sunlight exposure, diet, or supplements. What is the Importance of Vitamin D? Vitamin D supports strong bones, immune function, and overall health. Deficiency can lead to bone disorders like rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults. When Should I Test for Vitamin D? Test for Vitamin D if you experience fatigue, bone pain, or frequent infections. What Should I Do Before Coming to Test? No special preparation is needed for a Vitamin D test.

What is the PSA Test (Total)? The Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Total test measures the overall level of PSA in the blood, a protein produced by both normal and malignant cells in the prostate gland. Elevated levels of PSA can indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostatitis. The total PSA test is a key tool in screening for prostate health issues. When Should You Do the PSA Test? Age Recommendations: This test is typically recommended for men aged 50 and above. However, men with a family history of prostate cancer or those in high-risk groups (e.g., African-American men) may start earlier, around age 40-45. Frequency: Annual or biannual screening is usually advised, though this can vary based on your risk factors and the guidance of your healthcare provider. What to Do Before the PSA Test: Avoid Ejaculation: Refrain from sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test, as ejaculation can temporarily raise PSA levels. Limit Physical Activity: Avoid vigorous exercise, especially activities like cycling, which can put pressure on the prostate and elevate PSA levels. Medication: Inform your doctor of any medications you are taking, as some drugs can affect PSA results. No Fasting Required: Unlike some blood tests, you don't need to fast before a PSA test, unless specified by your healthcare provider.

COLOTECT test is used for colon health and early detection of any signs of the possibility of colon cancer in its early stages, aiding in prevention and early treatment. which can significantly improve treatment chances. Colon cancer is a malignant tumor that affects the large intestine, known as the colon, and the rectum. The chances of developing it increase after the age of fifty. Despite being a cancer that can be largely prevented, it often leads to death because people feel a significant reluctance to undergo early screening. There are no specific known causes leading to colon cancer.